What can enhance dermal absorption of pesticide formulations?

Oil-soluble formulations enhance dermal absorption of pesticide formulations due to their ability to penetrate the skin's lipid barrier effectively. The skin is composed largely of lipids, and substances that can dissolve in oils tend to have a greater affinity for the skin’s surface. This affinity allows oil-soluble pesticides to be absorbed more easily into the dermis, where they can exert their intended effects.

Other factors like particle size, solubility in oils, and volatility do have impacts on other aspects of pesticide effectiveness or absorption, but they do not significantly enhance dermal uptake in the way that oil solubility does. Coarse particle sizes may hinder absorption as larger particles are less likely to penetrate the skin. Low solubility in oils would generally result in less absorption due to the inability to dissolve within the skin's lipid matrix. High volatility can lead to rapid evaporation, making it less likely for the pesticide to stay on the skin long enough to be effectively absorbed. Thus, oil-soluble formulations stand out as a crucial factor in promoting dermal absorption.