Which type of formulation has the greatest potential for dermal absorption?

Oil-soluble formulations have the greatest potential for dermal absorption due to their chemical composition and properties. Lipophilic (oil-soluble) substances tend to penetrate the skin more effectively than hydrophilic (water-soluble) substances because the skin's outer layer is composed primarily of lipids. This compatibility allows oil-soluble compounds to dissolve within the skin layers and facilitate absorption into the bloodstream.

Moreover, when materials are formulated in an oil-soluble medium, they often have enhanced bioavailability, leading to more significant absorption through the skin. This characteristic makes oil-soluble formulations particularly concerning in terms of potential exposure risk for landscape maintenance workers handling or applying these products.

In contrast, water-soluble formulations may not penetrate the skin as efficiently due to the epidermal barrier's structure. Granular formulations and dust formulations typically have larger particle sizes or consist of solid particles that are less likely to be absorbed dermally. Therefore, while they may pose some exposure risk, their formulation does not lend itself to the same level of dermal absorption as oil-soluble products.